\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetikzlibrary{intersections,positioning,backgrounds,fit,calc}
\usetikzlibrary{through}
% Axe gradué Nombre de carreaux(#1) / Taille des carreaux(#2) / Nombre Début(#3) / Pas(#4)
\newcommand\axe[4]{
\begin{scope}[scale=#2]
\draw[-latex,thick] (-#2,0)--(#1+#2,0);
\foreach \n in {0,1,...,#1}{
\draw[thick] (\n,-0.1)--(\n,0.1) node[below=0.2cm]{\pgfmathparse{#3+\n*#4}\pgfmathroundto{\pgfmathresult}\pgfmathresult}; % Je ne sais pas comment coder le calcul qui permet d'obtenir les bonnes abscisses
}
\end{scope}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\axe{10}{1}{5}{0.2}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}\end{document}
![alt text][1]
[1]: https://texnique.fr/osqa/upfiles/document_moGa3OC.png
